I-soy protein isolate (SPI) sisithako esiguquguqukayo nesisebenzayo esiye sathandwa kakhulu kushishino lokutya ngenxa yeenzuzo ezininzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwaso. Ivela kwisidlo sesoya esicociweyo esiphantsi kobushushu, i-soy protein isolate idlula kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha nokwahlula ukuze kususwe izinto ezingezizo iiproteni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umxholo weproteni ube ngaphezulu kwe-90%. Oku kuyenza ibe ngumthombo obalaseleyo weproteni esemgangathweni ophezulu, ephantsi kwi-cholesterol kwaye ingenamafutha, nto leyo eyenza ibe lukhetho olusempilweni kubathengi. Ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukunceda ekunciphiseni ubunzima, ukunciphisa amafutha egazini, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamathambo, kunye nokuthintela izifo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi, i-soy protein isolate ibe sisithako esibalulekileyo kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya.
Enye yezona mpawu ziphambili ze-soy protein isolate kukusebenza kwayo ekutyeni. Ineempawu ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, kubandakanya i-gelling, i-hydration, i-emulsifying, i-oil sucking, i-solubility, i-foam, i-dumb, i-organising, kunye ne-clupping. Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba ibe sisithako esiguquguqukayo esingasetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso zokutya kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kwiimveliso zenyama ukuya kwiimveliso zomgubo, iimveliso zasemanzini, kunye neemveliso zemifuno, i-soy protein isolate ineenzuzo ezininzi ezisebenzayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuqulunqweni kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokutya.
Zininzi iindlela zokusebenzisa i-soy protein isolate, ezinje:
(1) Ukongezwa okomileyo: Yongeza isosi yeprotheyini yesoya kwizithako ngendlela yomgubo owomileyo uze uzixube. Ubungakanani bokongezwa ngokubanzi bumalunga ne-2%-6%;
(2) Yongeza ngohlobo lwe-colloid emanzi: Xuba i-soy protein isolate kunye nomlinganiselo othile wamanzi ukuze wenze i-slurry uze uyifake. Ngokubanzi, i-10%-30% ye-colloid yongezwa kwimveliso;
(3) Yongeza ngendlela yee-protein particles: Xuba i-soy protein isolate namanzi uze wongeze i-glutamine transaminase ukuze udibanise i-protein ukuze wenze inyama ye-protein. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uhlengahlengiso lombala lunokwenziwa, uze emva koko lwenziwe nge-meat grinder. Ii-protein particles, ngokubanzi zongezwa kwisixa esimalunga ne-5%-15%;
(4) Yongeza ngendlela ye-emulsion: xuba i-soy protein isolate kunye namanzi kunye neoyile (ioyile yezilwanyana okanye ioyile yemifuno) uze uyinqumle. Umlinganiselo wokuxuba ulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo, iiproteni: amanzi: ioyile = 1:5:1-2/1:4:1-2/1:6:1-2, njl.njl., kwaye umlinganiselo wokongeza ngokubanzi umalunga ne-10%-30%;
(5) Yongeza ngohlobo lwenaliti: xuba isolate yeprotheyini yesoya namanzi, izinongo, i-marinade, njl.njl., uze uyifake enyameni ngomatshini wokujova ukuze idlale indima ekugcineni amanzi kunye nokuthamba. Ngokubanzi, ubungakanani beprotheyini eyongeziweyo kwinaliti bumalunga ne-3%-5%.
Ukuqukumbela, isolate yeproteni yesoya inika uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwishishini lokutya. Umxholo wayo ophezulu weproteni, kunye neempawu zayo zokusebenza, kuyenza ibe sisithako esibalulekileyo kubavelisi bokutya abafuna ukuphucula iprofayili yesondlo kunye neempawu zokusebenza kweemveliso zabo. Nokuba kukuphucula ubunjani, ukuphucula ukugcinwa komswakama, okanye ukubonelela ngomthombo weproteni esemgangathweni ophezulu, isolate yeproteni yesoya iyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kweemveliso zokutya ezintsha nezinesondlo. Njengoko imfuno yabathengi yokutya okunempilo nokuzinzileyo iqhubeka ikhula, isolate yeproteni yesoya ikulungele ukuhlala isisithako esibalulekileyo ekuqulunqweni kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-09-2024